Twentyseven different morphological parts from 26 plants table 1, selected based on their ethnobotanical use in the treatment of infectious diseases, were collected from various locations in ibadan, southwest nigeria, identified and authenticated at forestry herbarium ibadan fhi. Healing with medicinal plants is an old treatment method as old as mankind itself. In africa, the healers are variously addressed as babalawo, adahunse or oniseegun among the yoruba speaking people of nigeria. The present study points out the fact that, medicinal plants have continued to play vital roles in the nigerian healthcare sector, although traditional. The origin and history of traditional medicine in health care delivery as far as.
Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening of some. A compiled check list of these plants including their latin names, families, parts used, medicinal uses, and name in different nigerian states is the main purpose of this study. Medicinal plants in nigeria were considered by several researchers gbile9 and iyamabo to form an important component of the natural wealth of the country. Nigerian medicinal plants aspilia africana, bryophyllum pinnatum, garcinia kola, spondias mombim and uvaria chamea are used in herbal medicine to cure. Department of pure and industrial chemistry, bayero university, kano nigeria. The name of cuscuta was reported in the chinese constitution of medicinal plants that was used in the treatment of liver disease, kidney and sexual vulnerability through direct eating of plant. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used in the. The parts of the medicinal plants selected for this study were washed, air dried under shade, and pulverized to fine powder using a hand blender. Plants continue to be a major source of medicines, as they have been throughout human history.
Herbal medicine use among urban residents in lagos, nigeria. Ajayi faith and the uses of medicinal plants taiwo ipaye and tolu odugbemi, jnr. A agbelusi department of ecotourism and wildlife management, federal university of technology, akure. Species were scientifically identified with the aid of the useful plants of west tropical africa6, nigerian weeds4 nigeria trees16 and medicinal plants of nigeria booklet3. A herb is a plant or plant part valued for its medicinal, aromatic or savory qualities. Herbal medicines in african traditional medicine intechopen. History showed that medicinal plants have been used in traditional healing around the world for a long time to treat diabetes. Fabaceae has the largest number of species 42, followed by asteraceae 22, euphorbiaceae 20, acanthaceae and apocynaceae 12. This information will be beneficial in public health, research and. A textbook of medicinal plants from nigeria is intended to focus further interests on medicinal plants from nigeria.
Medicinal plants are densely distributed in the tropical rainforest zones of the world of which nigeria fall into. Plants synthesise hundreds of chemical compounds for functions including defence against insects, fungi, diseases, and herbivorous mammals. Available evidence does show that many pharmaceutical classes of drugs include a natural product prototype gilani et al. Abstract medicinal plants have been observed to be very effective in the treatment of ailments in both rural and urban areas in developing countries. Dacheng hao, in ranunculales medicinal plants, 2019. The connection between human and their search for drugs in nature dates from the far past, of which there are enormous evidence from different sources written documents, preserved monuments, and even original plant medicines. Traditional medicine was the only source of health care in nigeria in historical times. Mar 19, 2019 the importance of medicinal plants becomes more patent at the present time in developing countries. Jul 03, 2011 this paper examines the trends and challenges of traditional medicine in africa. Nigeria is a country stepped in the use of and belief in traditional medicines in which plants play a major role. Awai 1, john o igoli 2 1 center for sustainable development, university of ibadan, oyo state, nigeria 2 department of chemistry, university of agriculture makurdi, benue state, nigeria. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening of six plants used in ethnomedicine in the niger delta region of nigeria was carried out to identify and quantify the bioactive compounds present in these highly medicinal plants.
Wild lettuce is a widely used medicinal plant used in traditional medicine not only in nigeria but almost every part of the world where it can be found. A medicinal plant is a plant that is used with the intention of maintaining health, to be administered for a specific condition, or both, whether in modern medicine or in traditional medicine. Journal of medicinal plants studies medicine cam in both rural and urban areas across nigeria has increased, but there is a great concern for its safety, efficacy as well as control and this poses a great challenge for health authorities and the general public. Traditional healers over the years have used plants to treat and prevent a wide range of illnesses. While the old peoples used medicinal plants primarily as simple pharmaceutical formsinfusions, decoctions and macerationsin the middle ages, and in particular between 16th and 18th centuries, the demand for compound drugs was increasing. Studies on most of the plants are still at the rudimentary stage but results observed from these studies are noteworthy. Department of biological sciences, ahmadu bello university zaria, kaduna state, nigeria. Nobody knows exactly where medicinal plants were used for the first time. The impact of colonialism on african traditional medicine is also examined. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants in metropolitan kano, nigeria. Total alkaloids, tannin content, and antiulcer assay of.
Medicinal plants used for management of hypertension in nigeria. Primitive men observed and appreciated the great diversity of plants available to them. Herbal medicine involves the use of different parts of the plant. History has it that medicinal herbs were found in the. Medicinal plantsscience tracer bulletlibrary of congress. Screening of medicinal plants native to kano and jigawa states of northern nigeria, using artemia cysts brine shrimp test. Ethnomedicinal plants used by the idoma people benue. Pdf the present study represents an attempt to document information on the traditional medicinal plants that used in nigeria. The medicinal plants have been used for treatment of illnesses and diseases, since the dawn of time.
Malaria is a common public health problem in nigeria that. Page 103 combination, as antidotes for snake envenomation by rural populations in india and in many parts of the world3. The use of plants for medicinal remedies is an integral part of the african cultural life, and this is unlikely to change in the years to come. The compound drugs comprised medicinal plants along with drugs of animal and plant origin. An enugu, nigeriabased nonprofit organization, the association for scientific, identification, conservation and utilization of medicinal plants of nigeria asicumpon, of which the writer is a member, is committed to highlighting the usefulness of medicinal plant resources and scientific assessment, preparation and application of these for. In the first century ad, dioscorides wrote a compendium of more than 500 plants that remained an authoritative reference into the 17 th century. Aug 01, 2019 nigeria s varied plant species are used in construction, food, medicine, and decoration. Medicinal plants have been used since ancient times for the treatment and management of diabetic mellitus dm in traditional medicine systems of many cultures throughout the world 1,2. In vitro antiviral activity of twentyseven medicinal. Herbal medicine, sometimes referred to as herbalism or botonical medicine, is the use of herbs for their therapeutic or medicinal value. Antipyretic activity of some nigerian medicinal plants in rats. Herbalists use mainly herbs, that is, medicinal plants or.
Medicinal plants play a golden role not only as traditional medicine but also as trade. The study showed that 325 species and 95 families of medicinal plants were recognized as being used by most of the people in nigeria for. Traditional medicine and the future of medicinal plants in. Surely the search of some remedy was something that occurred simultaneously in all the cultures, fruit of the desire of the man to heal, for magicalreligious reasons or because of some preparation that provided a great temporary happiness. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used in curing some.
The importance of medicinal plants becomes more patent at the present time in developing countries. Toxic principles can be found in different parts of medicinal plants. In some plants, almost every part can be used in one home remedy or another. Page 6 india has one of the richest plant medical traditions in the world. Medicinal plants in nigeria are plants used for making home remedies and traditional medicines or what we all know as herbal medicine. Medicinal plants used in antenatal and perinatal care among the tiv people of benue state, nigeria erdoo p. The growing economic importance of medicinal plants and the need for developing countries to harness from it. There is useful information for researchers and students in various disciplines of medicine, pharmaceutical sciences, biological sciences, traditional medicine, veterinary medicine and. The use of medicinal plants as a fundamental component of the african traditional healthcare system is perhaps the oldest and the most assorted of all therapeutic systems. A textbook of medicinal plants from nigeria book, 2008.
This paper provides a brief snapshot or overview to several indigenous medicinal nigeria plants. History of traditional remedies with plants the oral tradition. Currently, medicinal plants continue to play an important role in the management of dm, especially in developing countries, where. List and uses of medicinal plants in nigeria in 2019 legit. The use of medicinal plants is an important part of nigeria s culture. Traditionalherbal medicine, traditional medical practitioners, medicinal plants.
Traditional medicine and the future of medicinal plants in nigeria emmanuel c. The importance of medicinal plants, and the contribution of phytomedicine to the wellbeing of a significant number of the worlds population. The food and agriculture organization estimated in 2002 that over 50,000 medicinal plants are used across the world. The study showed that 325 species and 95 families of medicinal plants were recognized as being used by most of the people in nigeria for the treatment of various common diseases. Orthodox medicine was not formally introduced into nigeria until 1860s when sacred heart hospital was established by the roman catholic missionaries in abeokuta bekalo. The growing economic importance of medicinal plants and. Use of medicinal plants for the treatment of measles in nigeria. Moringa plant moringa oleifera moringa is a popular flowering tree. A compiled check list of these plants including their latin names.
In this case, these plants, whole or parts, which have medicinal properties, are referred to as crude drugs of natural or biological origin. International journal of herbs and pharmacological research. It is the tradition that is of remarkable contemporary relevance. Medicinal plants naturally synthesize and accumulate some secondary metabolites, like alkaloids, sterols, terpenes, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, cyanogenics, tannins, resins.
Medicinal plants of nigeria and their uses ital is vital. Screening of medicinal plants native to kano and jigawa. These plants exhibit a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities such as anti cancer, antiinflammatory, diuretic, laxative, antispasmodic, antihypertensive, anti. A member of the arso committee and author of food as medicine. Significance of medicinal plants in human life sciencedirect.
An illustrated, scientific and medicinal approach appears to be a medical compendium of plants intended as a guide and reference resource for professionals in the field. Indigenous knowledge, medicinal plants, nigeria, local communities and conservation. The plants studied were phyllanthus amarus schum and thonn, euphorbia heterophylla linn. Medicinal plants used in antenatal and perinatal care.
To my delight and i am sure of anyone who picks up. There are a variety of different species of plants that are native to the west african nation of nigeria, a country which is situated along the gulf of guinea. Medicinal plants also can be poisonous, affecting the entire spectrum of organ systems, with some plants containing several toxic principles that affect different systems. Implication for health policypracticeresearchmedical education.
Traditional medicine and the future of medicinal plants in nigeria. The diversity of uses of medicinal plants in nigeria. Herbs plants produce and contain a variety of chemical substances that act upon the body. This paper aims at highlighting the importance of adopting proactive measure through education and local communities participation in order to conserve the medicinal plant wealth in nigeria. Plant parts used were airdried, pulverized and extracted by maceration in. Trends and challenges of traditional medicine in africa.
The growing economic importance of medicinal plants and the. A traditional method of preparing phytomedicines in southwestern nigeria. Tolu odugbemi, 2008 materia medica, vegetable 628 pages. The present study represents an attempt to document information on the traditional medicinal plants that used in nigeria. We have also developed standards of four plants so far in the entire continent but we are taking it one step further by now having nigeria as a country propose ten plants, which have been accepted. Feyisola abstract the use of traditional medicine in developed as well as developing countries as basis for the treatment of many ailments has been in existence for thousands of years and there is no doubt that their importance. It is one of the popular medicinal plants in nigeria and some other countries in africa. These parts include the leaves, stem, fruits, seeds, flower and roots.
There is no way we will write about medicinal plants without mentioning. The attention of industries in tropical rain forest especially in nigeria have moved their interest in herbal medicine rather than orthodox medicine due to the economic predicament of the people in west africa, new orthodox drugs are not affordable hence more use of herbs of medicinal plants. Over the past decade, herbal medicine has become a topic of global importance, making an impact on both world health and international trade. This is a typical tropical country with rare vegetations the site provides for unique photographs and database of medicinal plants found in nigeria. The african continent has a long history with the use of plants for medicinal purposes. Nigerian medicinal plants i donatus ebere okwu department of chemistry michael okpara university of agriculture, umudike p. This book contains very interesting writeups on medicinal plants. The information provided here is from the research paper traditional medicine and the future of medicinal plants in nigeria by emmanuel c. Identification and traditional uses of some common medicinal.
Throughout northern nigeria and elsewhere, it is known in hausa as sanya or uwar magunguna the latter meaning the mother of all medicines. Use of herbal medicines in developed countries has expanded sharply in the latter. Ethnomedicinal plants used by the idoma people benue state, nigeria macdonald idu, joseph o. Many of the miracle drugs of today are molecules or variations on compounds that were originally available from plant medicines. In many parts of rural africa, traditional healers prescribing medicinal plants are the most easily accessible and affordable health resource available to the local community and at times the only therapy that subsists. Herbal medicines, extracts, interactions, practice in nigeria. The tropical rainforest of which nigeria is a part has been described by sofowora24 as a reservoir of phytomedicines.
Antipyretic activity of some nigerian medicinal plants in. In pakistan it is estimated that a 80% of its population depend on plants to cure themselves, a 40% in china. Identification and traditional uses of some common medicinal plants in ezinihitte mbaise l. Odugbemis most recent publications are two books titled outline and picture of medicinal plants from nigeria and a textbook of medicinal plants from nigeria which provide indepth information about medicinal plants and their usefulness in nigeria. Depending on the medicinal purpose, alstonia boonei is used in different forms. This chapter presents a glimpse of the current status of and future trends in medicinal plant. The medicinal plant garden of the indiana medical history museum offers the opportunity to remember that plants were the original source of most medicines. Plants provide food, clothing, shelter, and medicine. Continuous usage of herbal medicine by a large proportion of the population in. Uguru1 1department of pharmacology, university of jos, jos, nigeria 2department of clinical pharmacy and pharmacy administration, university of jos, jos, nigeria.
Erhabor and oghale ovuakporieuvo department of plant biology and biotechnology, university of benin, pmb 1154, benin city, nigeria abstract content and purpose of study an ethno medicinal survey of plants used by the idoma people of benue state. As most toxic substances are volacharring medicinal plants. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening of. Introduction plants have been used for medicinal purposes long before recorded history. The contributions of african traditional medicine to nigerias health. Functional food plants of africa, prof maurice iwu, told the guardian that the body has committees in so many thematic areas. Although the paper is on africa, references are drawn around the world to buttress the growing demand for traditional medicine. Some medicinal plants, such as the opium poppy, have long been recognized and widely used, while others, such as the pacific yew, the original source for the cancer drug, taxol, are relatively new arrivals to mainstream medicine.
Dept of biotechnology2 okere slyvester and nwoko magnus c. Many of the medicinal plants, especially in nigeria have been documented 4. Pdf use of medicinal plants for the treatment of measles. All available information about either the traditional medicinal plants or ethnobotanical surveys in nigeria was consulted. While in particular plants only some parts are used. History and benefits of herbal medicine the guardian. Clearly, medicinal plants for treatment of malaria, diabetes, tetanus, and pneumonia were recognized by over 40% of the local community members, while plants treating arteriosclerosis, meningitis. Nigeria is richly endowed with indigenous plants, which are used in herbal medicine to cure diseases and heal injuries. Indigenous people have long history and expertise in the use of medicinal plants, but information on these plants and their uses is mainly passed from one generation to the other orally and even to date is poorly documented g uribfakim, 2006. A textbook of medicinal plants from nigeria tolu odugbemi on. Pdf traditional medicine and the future of medicinal plants in. The aim of the study was to assess the activity of hydromethanolic extract of these plants in bakers yeast.
Medicinal plants, also called medicinal herbs, have been discovered and used in traditional medicine practices since prehistoric times. It is majorly used to treat malaria, to reduce fever, and skin problems. Medicinal plants have long been utilized in traditional medicine and worldwide ethnomedicine. Odugbemi was awarded the highest honour of a distinguished fellow of the medical college of nigeria dfmc by the national postgraduate medical college of nigeria for his outstanding contributions to the medical profession. The tree is usually harvested from the forest for local use. While we define herbal medicines as the use of plants parts for medicinal purposes, other studies defined herbal medicines as finished, labeled medicinal products of plant or non plant origin.
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